Importance of live food enrichment in feeding Sturgeon larvae

Document Type : Tarvij

Authors

1 Fish Nutrient Expert

2 Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

3 International Sturgeon Research Institute, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran

4 Agriculture Jihad Organization, Rasht, Iran

Abstract

Regarding the high economic value, sturgeons are one of the potential candidates for fish breeding in the country. Despite the high desire to breed these valuable species, feeding and rearing the larvae of these fishes is considered as one of the breeding bottlenecks. The need to provide high-quality live foods in the food chain at the initial stages of exogenous feeding as a natural diet is very important due to its high digestibility and absorption for continuous and sustainable production in aquaculture. The importance of using live food including different types of phytoplankton and zooplankton in improving the quality of larvae in aquaculture has been proven over several decades. Despite the many benefits of live foods, there are some deficiencies in their nutrient composition. The use of natural enrichment diets such as yeast, microalgae and plant extracts have become very common in the development of aquaculture nutrition to obtain the optimal nutrients required for the growth, survival and strengthening of larval immunity. These natural enriched diets are more affordable and environmentally friendly than commercial diets. Fish larvae were fed with different food treatments including commercial concentrate food, nauplius enriched with fish oil, nauplius enriched with vegetable oils (sunflower, rapeseed and soybean) and newly hatched nauplius. The studies conducted showed the importance of fats as a source of energy supply and also a source of essential fatty acids on the efficiency of nutrition. Replacing fish oil with vegetable oils could reduce the mortality rate of larvae to the least possible during this very sensitive period, which is a very valuable contribution. In general, it can be acknowledged that in order to increase the amount of important fatty acids other than long-chain unsaturated fatty acids in Artemia nauplius for feeding the larvae of Huso huso, there is no need to enrich it with fish oil, but instead with rapeseed vegetable oil. It can fully satisfy the larvae's need for these fatty acids.

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